What deforms the osteoarthritis of the hip joint and why does it happen?
The osteoarthritis of the hip joint (also known as coxarthrosis and deforming osteoarthrosis of the hip joint) is one of the most frequently diagnosed pathologies of the bone muscle system.In Russia, this ailment is a main cause of disability in people with joint diseases.
As a reference
Cooksarrosis is a chronic inflammation of the hip joint, which is characterized by the premature destruction of the cartilage, the narrowing of the joint gap and a decrease in the mobility of the leg of the lesion.
In figurative sense, the problem of a person suffering from osteoarthritis from the hip joint can be compared to a door whose loops are not lubricated.Due to the lack of "lubrication" inside the joint, the bones begin to contact, which causes pain and restriction (such as a crispy and tight course of the door).Later, if the disease is ignored, they occur superior ("oxide") on bone surfaces, which more and more limit the joint movements, and with the adverse result, stop fulfilling its function.
In general, it is believed that the osteoarthritis of the hip joint is an age problem.The statistics confirm this point of view: after 40 years, this diagnosis has become one of ten, after 60 years, one of the three patients, and in those who have 70% of the cases for 70. But often the pain in the thigh leads to the Orthopedic and Youth Office.
Then, among the causes of the osteoarthrosis of the hip joint, the most significant are distinguished:
- Innate disability (dysplasia) development of the articulation, which may not be shown until adulthood;
- premature wear of the joints that occurs due to intensive athletes or obesity loads;
- injuries and infections that affect the musculoskeletal system;
- Other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which lead to the pathological redistribution of load in the joints;
- Violation of the blood supply to the joint (for example, due to the atherosclerosis of the vessels).
Doctors believe that a combination of factors leads to the osteoarthritis of the hip joint, therefore, in people with a predisposition to this disease, the pathological process occurs before, as in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus or ischemic damage to the heart.
Coxarthrosis symptoms
The first sign of osteoarthritis is pain after physical activity.Unpleasant sensations arise both in the inguinal region, so in the thigh and knee.
This is important
Often, with coxarthrosis, pain is initially concentrated in the knee joint, and a person addresses the doctor with such a complaint.An inexperienced doctor can prescribe an X line of this area and, if there are minor changes, make an erroneous diagnosis: first grade gonarosis.As a result, time will be lost.Therefore, with pain in the leg, it is worth spending time to the search for a competent orthopedic doctor and a good orthopedic clinic.
If cookardosis does not begin to treat in the early stages, the following symptoms bind to pain: stiffness and crunch in the joint, a change in the march (often to avoid unpleasant sensations, patients deploy the leg out and transmit when they walk from side to side: a "duck" march is formed), linking.Over time, the pathological process leads to the atrophy of the hip muscles and the visual shortening of the sick limb.In the posterior stages, the osteoarthrosis of the hip joint becomes ankylosis: the complete braking of the femur with a pelvis, so the leg is fixed in a position and performs only the support function.
Degree of disease
For the convenience of diagnosis, doctors distinguish three degrees of coxarcher:
- 1 degree of osteoarthrosisHip joint is established with moderate pain manifestations and the absence of restriction in movements.With the radiography, a small narrowing of the joint gap and the growth of a single bone, the osteophytes are remarkably a small narrowing.Subject to adequate treatment, first -degree coxarthrosis can stop eliminating the symptoms of the disease.
- 2 degrees of coxarchtosisIt is accompanied by painful pain even in the rest of the leg.Movements in the joint are difficult: a person cannot lift and bring the leg aside.The pain is especially notable when it comes to displaying the foot of the leg straightened to the right and left.The patient is lame, sometimes a crunch is heard in the joint.In X -ray images: deformation of the femoral head, numerous osteophytes and narrowing of the joint gap per third.Therapeutic measures allow to suspend the course of the disease for many years.
- In3 degrees of coxarchtosisThe pain in the joint does not decrease throughout the day, the atrophy of the muscles of the thigh and the buttocks is developed: the whole body of a person seems biased towards the injury.X -Ray indicates a deep deformation of the joint and narrowing of the gap gap to the complete connection of bone surfaces.The therapeutic approach, as a rule, does not give a tangible effect: a joint replacement is required for a prosthesis.
For the diagnosis of deforming osteoarthritis, it is used as an external examination, in which the doctor studies the mobility of the leg, evaluates the march and appearance of the patient, as well as the radiography.In doubt in the correction of the diagnosis, the specialist also prescribes an address for magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) of the hip joint.
How to treat the osteoarthritis of the hip joint
The fight against cokesartrosis requires the participation of several methods: from drugs and physiotherapy exercises to the joints of the joint and surgery, which is generally prescribed for failed attempts to retreat the development of the disease.
Conservative treatment
Non -surgical treatment requires financial and time costs, but can improve the quality of the patient's life in the long term, to cancel the need for surgical surgery.The first thing that an orthopedist prescribes cookyrsis are the medications that relieve pain and inflammation (non -steroidal and steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants).To activate the blood supply in the field of osteoarthritis and the restoration of cartilage tissue, vasodilant and condoprotective drugs are prescribed.In addition, the patient can offer a modern methodology to stimulate regenerative processes: plasmolifting, that is, the injection of the patient's blood components in the pathological approach.These measures are more effective for the osteoarthritis of the hip joint of the 1st and second gravity.
Non -surgical treatment methods
In addition to tablets, ointments and injections, the treatment of coxarthrosis requires the use of physiotherapy and buthypy kines, as well as the correction of the diet.A help strategy developed by an experienced orthopedic allows people with 1 and 2 degrees of osteoarthritis of the hip joint avoiding endoprothetic and limiting the need for drugs.
Physiotherapy
- Shock wave therapy (UVT)It is used in cardiology, neurology, orthopedics and sports medicine.The basis of the body effect is the sound waves that provide blood flow to the desired area of the body, which stimulates regeneration processes and accelerates metabolism.This relatively new method already shows significant results in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and becomes one of the most popular.
- MioestimulationIn the case of coxarthrosis, it is aimed at restoring muscle functioning, weakened due to a forced restriction of articulation movements.
- PhonoforesisIt combines the advantages of the effects of ultrasound and drugs in the body: under the influence of the device, a pharmaceutical drug in the form of ointment or cream penetrates more effectively through the skin to the hip joint.
- OzonotherapyIt reduces unpleasant sensations and activates cartilage growth due to the properties of the ozo-acid mixture.
Kines butapy
- Exercise therapyIt is considered the basis of successful treatment of osteoarthritis of any location: the regular implementation of a special exercise system strengthens ligaments and muscles around the sore joint, which reduces discomfort with the usual daily charges.
- Massage(including lymphatic drainage) and manual therapy are aimed at passive work with muscles, ligaments and joints.Approaches used to help people with coxarthrosis reduce the need for tablets and injections, which reduces pharmacological load in the body.
- MecanotherapyIt implies a job with simulators that help exercise the articulation without significant physical efforts, which is especially demand in elderly patients.
- Joint trafficWith the help of a special traction apparatus or the hands of a manual therapist, the space within the joint increases, which "launches" the pathological process several steps ago, facilitating the symptoms and giving the body time to restore the function of the hip joint.
Diet therapy
All patients with cookyrosis are required, but most importantly for patients with obesity.Losing weight reduces the load in the inflamed joint and improves metabolism.In combination with other conservative methods, a balanced diet allows you to forget the pain and other manifestations of the arthrosis of the hip joint.
Surgical treatment
This group includes procedures carried out by a surgeon in the operating room.All of them, except the prick of the hip joint, require hospitalization and a recovery period of several months.With third grade coxarthrosis, when conservative treatment does not bring relief, only prostheses help save the patient from discomfort and pain, returning the joy of movement.
- Perforation (minimally invasive intervention)It implies the pumping of the joint of the excess fluid, which relieves pain and improves the mobility of the leg.It can be carried out repeatedly, especially when steroid medications are prescribed.
- Arthroscopic debateIt implies the purification of the internal surface of the joint from fragments of the altered cartilage tissue and wash its cavity with a therapeutic solution to relieve inflammation.This operation is carried out through several points, without opening the joint cavity.
- Hemive osteotomy- An artificial fracture of the femur, followed by its frantic from a different angle, which allows to reduce the load in the joint.This intervention cannot be called Panacea: after 2 to 5 years, the pain returns, but in some conditions, when the endoprotetics are impossible, the osteotomy of the periosurge of the hip joint is the best solution to the problem of coxarcher.
- EndoproteticsIt means a complete replacement of the joint for a prosthesis, which can serve up to 20 years.Despite the complexity of the intervention, it is well tolerated by patients of different ages who are ready for active rehabilitation after surgery.Surgeons point out that an important condition for success is the preliminary treatment of obesity and the use of Beapy kines methods to restore the muscle strength surrounding the joint.
The prevention of the osteoarthritis of the hip joint is important for people after 40 years, athletes and relatives of people with cookardosis already diagnosed or a fracture of the femoral neck.Doctors recommend that the risk group monitor the figure, be careful with injuries (for example, wear in winter shoes in soles that are not sales) and regularly involve themselves in the physical condition.In the first symptoms of the osteoarthritis of the hip joint, turn immediately to orthopedic.The treatment of the disease should be maintained with a specialized, experienced and attentive doctor to any change in patient's health.